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 The Plague, by William Blake 
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 on the Netherlands in 1688 
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Timeline
(PAGE 1)
(Page 2) here!
(50 BC - 400 AD) Romans ruled the southern part of Netherlands
(1 - 100 AD) Frisians settled in northern Netherlands
(600 - 700) Frisians clashed with Franks
(838) Large portion of northwest Netherlands flooded; over 2,400 died
(1170) First All Saints' Flood inundated Netherlands and Zuider Zee region
(1212) Large flood at Noordholland killed 60,000
(1219) St. Marcellus Flood killed 36,000
(1287) Zuider Zee seawall collapsed; 50,000 died
(1299) Count of Holland gained control of Zeeland
(1300's) French Dukes of Burgundy united all of the Low Countries
(1301) Holland defeated Lichtenberg at Battle of Breukelen
(1345) Frisian defeated Dutch at Warns
(1362) Storm surge kills 25,000; sixty parishes destroyed in Slesvig
(1404) First St. Elizabeth's Flood occurred; towns washed away
(1421) Second St. Elizabeth's Flood; dike broke, villages swept away; many thousands died
(1432) Zeeland became part of Low Countries under Phillip the Good of Burgundy
(1460) Episcopal palace at Atrecht held witch burnings
(1477) Mary of Burgundy, heiress of all Netherlands, married Maximilian I of Habsburg family of Austria
(1489 - 1490) Plague killed thousands
(1492) German mercenaries killed 232 at Bread and Cheese rebellion
(1500's) Protestant Reformation swept across Europe; Dutch Protestants persecuted by Roman Catholics
(1511) Portuguese traders reached Banda Islands
(1516) King Charles I of Spain rules Netherlands
(1517) Protestants burned at the stake
(1519) King Charles I of Spain became Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V
(1520) Public burning of books took place in Louvain
(1521) Emperor Charles V banned wooden buildings in Amsterdam
(1524) Henry Van Zutphen, Dutch Protestant martyr, burned at stake
(1527) Wendelmoet Claesdochter first Dutch woman burned at stake as heretic
(1540) Emperor Charles V beat uprising against taxes in Ghent; nine leaders beheaded, one hanged
(1556) Emperor Charles V gave control of Low Countries to Son, King Philip II of Spain
(1567) Duke of Alba became guardian of Netherlands
(1568) William I, Prince of Orange, led revolt against Spanish government; Duke of Alba declared William of Orange an outlaw; Holy office condemned all inhabitants of Netherlands to death as heretics; Eighty Years' War (Dutch Revolt) began
(1568) King Phillip II of Spain banned foreign Dutch students; tidal wave in North Sea destroyed sea walls, over 1,000 killed
(1572) William of Orange became viceroy of Holland, Friesland, Utrecht; town of Naarden surrendered to Spanish, town burned, all residents massacred
(1574) Storm broke Leiden dike, 20,000 Spanish soldiers drowned
(1576) Netherlands' 17 provinces united in Pacification of Ghent; formed federation to maintain peace; Spanish forces attached Antwerp (the Spanish Fury)
(1579) Treaty of Utrecht signed, beginning of Dutch Republic; Friesland joined Union of Utrecht
(1580) States of Utrecht outlawed Catholic worship
(1581) Dutch declared independence from Spain
(1584) Gregorian (New World) calendar adopted; William of Orange assassinated; succeeded by son, Maurice of Nassau
(1585) Antwerp sacked by Duke of Parma
(1602) Dutch East India Company formed in Jakarta, Indonesia
(1604) Spanish took Ostend (northwest Belgium) from Netherlands
(1620) Pilgrims left Netherlands, landed in Massachusetts
(1624) Dutchman Cornelius Drebbel created world's first submarine
(1630 - 1654) Dutch conquered Brazil
(1648) Spain recognized Dutch independence
(1652) War broke out between Netherlands and England
(1661) Holland sold Brazil to Portugal
(1665) King Charles II of England declared war on Netherlands; British captured Banda Island of Run from Dutch
(1667) Dutch fleet sailed Thames, threatened London; burned three ships; William of Orange replaced James Stuart; Peace of Breda ended war; Surinam ceded to England by Dutch in exchange for New York
(1672) King Louis XIV of France invaded Netherlands; sluices opened in Holland to save Amsterdam from French
(1677) William of Orange married cousin Mary (daughter of James, Duke of York)
(1688) King Louis XIV of France declared war on Netherlands; King James II of England fled London, abdicated throne; King William (of Orange) and Queen Mary became rulers
(1689) King William III joined League of Augsburg and Netherlands, formed Grand Alliance to counter war of aggression by King Louis XIV
(1690) French defeated Grand Alliance forces at Fleurus in Netherlands
(1692) English and Dutch fleet beat France at Battle of La Hogue; French forces defeated English at Battle of Steenkerke in Netherlands
(1693) At Battle of Neerwinden in Netherlands, French destroyed Grand Alliance army
(1697) Treaty of Ryswick signed; ended war between france and Grand Alliance
(NETHERLANDS TIMELINE)
(Page 2) here!
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