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EUROPE PAGE
ENGLAND: 
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Scotland here
United Kingdom (UK) here
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Timeline
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(1542) Scottish forces attacked England at Battle of Solway; King James V of Scotland died; daughter Mary crowned Queen of Scots
(1547) King Henry VIII died; Edward VI (age nine) became King
(1549) Book of common prayer introduced; First Act of Uniformity passed, banning Roman Catholic mass
(1553) King Edward VI died; Lady Jane Grey declared Queen of England for nine days; Mary I crowned Queen
(1558) French retook Calais; Queen Mary I died; Elizabeth I crowned Queen
(1559) Mary, Queen of Scots, claimed her royal right to the English throne
(1565) Walter Raleigh brought tobacco to England
(1567) Mary, Queen of Scots, abdicated, son James declared King
(1587) Queen Elizabeth ordered execution of Mary, Queen of Scots, for treason
(1588) Spanish Armada sent to attack England; the English overwhelmingly defeated the Spanish fleet
(1593) William Shakespeare's first published work
(1600) East India Company established
(1601) Queen Elizabeth I died; James VI of Scotland became James I of England, the first Stuart king
(1604) Kings James I of England and Philip III of Spain signed Treaty of London, ending war
(1605) Plan to blow up Parliament, the Gunpowder Plot, failed
(1614) Parliament called Addled Parliament for not passing one act during sitting; James I dissolved Parliament
(1620) Mayflower with Pilgrims arrived in America
(1621) Thirty Years War began (Protestants against Catholics)
(1625) King James I died; son Charles I crowned
(1640) Long Parliament sat (until 1660)
(1642) English Civil War began
(1645) Civil War ended, Charles I defeated
(1648) Second Civil War occurred
(1649) King Charles I tried for levying war; found guilty and was executed; son Charles II declared himself King
(1653 - 1658) Lord Cromwell ruled as Lord Protector
(1654) England declared war on Spain
(1660) Monarchy restored with King Charles II
(1665) Great Plague struck London; over 75,000 died
(1666) Great Fire of London destroyed more than 12,000 houses, 80 churches
(1685) King Charles II died; brother James, Duke of York, crowned King James II
(1688 - 1689) Glorious Revolution took place, King James II deposed by Parliament
(1689) William III and Mary II jointly crowned King and Queen of England
(1690) Battle of the Boyce occurred, King William III defeated armies of James II
(1691) King William III took control of Ireland
(1694) Queen Mary II died; Bank of England established
(1702) King William III died; daughter of James II, Anne, crowned Queen
(1707) Act of Union passed - united England and Scotland as Great Britain
(1714) Queen Anne died; George Ludwig, great grandson of James I became King George I, the first German-speaking monarch
(1720) The South Sea Bubble financial crisis struck
(1721) Whig politician, Robert Walpole, became first Prime Minister of Great Britain
(1727) King George I died; son, George II new king
(1745) French defeated Great Britain and Austria at Battle of Fontenoy; Bonnie Prince Charlie, claimant to throne, defeated by King George II supporters
(1752) Gregorian calendar (also known as New Style) adopted by Britain and all British colonies
(1756) Seven Years' War began
(1760) King George II died; George III new king
(1763) Treaty of Paris ended Seven Years' War
(1770) British troops sent to American colonies; Boston Massacre occurred; British troops quickly removed from Boston
(1773) Colonists in America dumped chests of tea into sea protesting taxes (Boston Tea Party)
(1775) American Revolution began
(1776) American Declaration of Independence signed by thirteen colonies declaring break from Britain
(1781) American Revolution ended; America won its independence
Timeline (PAGE 3)
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