6 Oldest Founded Small Towns to Visit in California
Famous for its vast and varied landscapes, California harbors many small towns that are worth getting to know. Founded during the early years of the Golden State's development, a visit to these historic communities offers a fascinating glimpse into the state's storied past.
From towns established to handle the influx of prospectors lured here to make their fortunes during the Gold Rush era, to even older locales established as outposts by early Spanish explorers and missionaries, these destinations highlight California's remarkable journey from the Wild West to becoming the USA’s richest state. Find out more about these significant cultural and historical hubs with this list of the six oldest-founded small towns to visit in California.
Sonoma
Located in the heart of California’s wine country, Sonoma was founded in 1835 by Mexican authorities to counter Russian influence in the region, with both empires being major colonial powers in the region at the time. This historic significance is underscored by Sonoma Plaza, a National Historic Landmark consisting of the town’s central square surrounded by adobe buildings including Mission San Francisco Solano, the northernmost of California's 21 missions. The Sonoma Barracks (1835) and the Toscano Hotel, established in 1886 in a building that had been around since the 1850s, are other key historic sites to see here.
Sonoma is also famous for its vineyards, rivalling neighboring Napa Valley for the quality of its wines. Annual events like the Sonoma International Film Festival (SIFF) in March add to the town’s cultural appeal, while its proximity to the Russian River and the Mayacamas Mountains offers ample opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking, biking, and river rafting.
Monterey
Monterey, a coastal town known for its rich history and natural beauty, was founded in 1770 by Spanish explorers and served as the capital of Alta California under both Spanish and Mexican rule. Must-see historic landmarks include the Royal Presidio Chapel, also known as the Cathedral of San Carlos Borromeo and the state’s oldest stone building; Colton Hall Museum and Jail, built in 1849; and the Old Custom House, constructed in 1827 and California's oldest government building.
Sightseers are also drawn to the town’s stunning location along Monterey Bay, with some of the state’s most impressive coastal views and water-based activities waiting to be discovered. Other attractions to visit include the Monterey Bay Aquarium and Cannery Row, a former sardine cannery district made famous by John Steinbeck that now houses specialty shops, art galleries, and numerous food and drink experiences. A great time to visit is during the annual Monterey Jazz Festival in September.
San Luis Obispo
Known by locals and regular visitors as “SLO,” San Luis Obispo was established in 1772 along with the construction of Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa and is one of California's oldest communities. The mission remains an active parish and is a focal point that should top the itinerary of anyone wanting to explore this charming town. The Downtown Historic District with its well-preserved buildings is another must-explore and is a pleasant walk from the mission with a variety of shops, restaurants, and cultural sites to see along the way.
SLO is also a great place to visit for those into outdoor activities. Nearby Bishop Peak and other volcanic mountains offer hiking and outdoor adventures, while waterfront fun including swimming and sunbathing can be enjoyed at Avila Beach and Pirates Cove Beach.
San Juan Bautista
The attractive small town of San Juan Bautista can trace its history back to 1797 with the establishment of Mission San Juan Bautista, a Spanish religious site that stands to this day. Surrounded by historic adobe (a form of brick made from mud) buildings, San Juan Bautista State Historic Park preserves several structures from the town’s early days, as well as its intertwined history with the El Camino Real, the historic road connecting California's missions.
Hikers and nature lovers will want to also visit nearby Fremont Peak. Accessible by several trails, you’ll be rewarded with superb views of the surrounding valleys.
Sutter Creek
Founded in 1848 during the California Gold Rush, Sutter Creek was named after John Sutter, a prominent figure in California's early history. An easy day trip from the state capital of Sacramento or San Francisco, the town’s well-preserved Main Street is a delight to explore for its historic buildings, many now home to an eclectic mix of shops and restaurants. Other must-visits include the Sutter Creek Gold Mine which offers fascinating tours that highlight the town’s mining past and the Gold Rush era.
The surrounding Sierra Nevada foothills provide plenty of excuses to participate in some outdoor recreational opportunities, including hiking and biking. Try to time your visit to coincide with popular annual events such as the Sutter Creek Ragtime Festival in August to celebrate its rich cultural heritage.
Coloma
The smallest of our historic towns, Coloma is famously known as the site where gold was first discovered in California in 1848, an event that triggered the California Gold Rush. You can explore this fascinating period of history at the Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park with its replica of Sutter's Mill and exhibits that tell the story of the Gold Rush. The park also hosts reenactments and educational programs.
In addition to its historical significance, Coloma is located along the American River, which offers excellent opportunities for white-water rafting, fishing, and hiking. Coloma’s combination of history and natural attractions ensures it remains a noteworthy stop on any California itinerary.
The Final Word
Together, these historic towns offer a unique window into California's past, showcasing the state's early development and cultural heritage. Each town not only boasts a distinct history, they also feature unique attractions relating to their contributions to the rich tapestry of California's historical narrative. From the wine country charm of Sonoma to the Gold Rush legacy of Sutter Creek and Coloma, these destinations provide visitors with a blend of history, culture, and natural beauty. Explore these seven oldest-founded small towns to visit in California to find out more.
