8 Time-Capsule Towns in New Mexico

New Mexico is arguably one of the most historically significant sites in the Americas. The earliest evidence of human activity here includes footprints dating back as much as 23,000 years, long before the rise of other civilizations on the continent. Although the state’s most prominent historic landmarks are far younger than those ancient footprints, they still reflect centuries of history, ranging from early Indigenous civilizations and Spanish missions to US nuclear weapon development sites. If you are looking for a journey through time, these eight New Mexican towns will act as your personal time machine, transporting you across centuries of history.

Taos

As the only Native American community to be listed as both a UNESCO World Heritage Site and National Historic Landmark, the history in Taos is literally one of a kind. The Taos Pueblo, which dates back nearly a millennium, is made completely of adobe, featuring thick walls and roofs supported by timber logs. The pueblo accepts visitors on Saturdays and Sundays and also hosts public events throughout the year. On September 30th, for example, San Geronimo Day will be celebrated with a large open market and trade fair, where visitors can observe the festivities and purchase home wares from vendors. Make sure to visit the San Francisco de Asis Church while in the area as well. Built in the early 19th century with plastered adobe walls, this is the only church in Taos that still remains.

Acoma Pueblo

The Acoma Pueblo, or “Sky City,” dates back to at least the 12th century and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited communities in the United States. Today, fewer than 50 tribal members reside in the earthen village, many of whom look after the San Estévan del Rey Mission, which dates back to 1640. The Sky City Cultural Center and Haak’u Museum wonderfully preserve the Acoma’s history and culture, exhibiting Native American pottery, art, and artifacts. Those wanting to try some native Acoman cuisine can dine at the Yaak’a (corn) Café, which serves both traditional Acoman dishes as well as American fare.

Chimayo

Each year, more than 300,000 pilgrims travel to Chimayo to visit the Santuario de Chimayo, a site many believe holds special healing powers. The sanctuary is deeply historic, with its chapel built in 1813 by Spanish missionaries, while Pueblo Natives have lived in the area since the 12th century. Local businesses have flourished in the area for generations, such as Ortega’s Weaving Shop, a family-owned company that has been passed down through nine generations, selling coats, vests, blankets, and rugs to the public. For some New Mexican cuisine, make sure to stop by Rancho de Chimayo, which has been serving traditional dishes since 1965.

Las Vegas

Las Vegas, not to be confused with the famed gambling hub in Nevada, is an architectural marvel, boasting more than 900 buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The best way to appreciate the town’s history is on a self-guided walking tour, which the town’s tourism website has available online. Highlights during the tour include the Wesche-Dole Building, which dates back to the early 19th century, and the Maese House, a one-story adobe building that was constructed before 1846. Following the tour, grab some grub at Charlie's Spic & Span Cafe, which has been serving Northern New Mexican food for many years. Afterward, travelers can unwind at the Plaza Hotel, which has been operating since 1882.

Los Alamos

Los Alamos is perhaps best known as the site where the United States developed the first nuclear weapons, now preserved at the Manhattan Project National Historical Park. Visitors can explore the park and learn about the scientists who once worked there, visiting several historic buildings or partaking in a guided tour. Another highlight is the Los Alamos History Museum, built in 1918 as an infirmary and now featuring exhibits on the town’s most significant history. About 15 minutes south of town, travelers can also visit the Bandelier National Monument, which contains Ancestral Pueblo dwellings carved into steep canyons and mesas.

Lincoln

Lincoln was once among the most violent places in the New Mexican Wild West, known for harboring infamous figures such as Billy the Kid. Visitors can learn more about this history at the Old Lincoln County Courthouse, which features exhibits on the Lincoln County War and other notable events in town. You can also step back into time at the Tunstall Store, which displays authentic merchandise from the 19th century, still on its original shelving. Afterward, relax with a beer at Bonito Valley Brewing Company, an independent brewery housed in a home that dates back over 150 years.

Socorro

Socorro, meaning “help” or “aid” in Spanish, was named in 1598 after the Pueblo people offered food and shelter to Spanish explorers passing through. Some buildings date back as far as the 17th century, such as the San Miguel Mission, home to a church built between 1615 and 1626. This mission is located on the Socorro Historic District Scenic Byway, a circuit showcasing historic buildings that trace the town’s journey through colonial roots, mining, and modern settlement. Stop by the Mineral Museum while you are in town as well, which was founded in 1889 and houses 15,000 different types of minerals.

Mesilla

As visitors stroll through Mesilla, they will be greeted by thick-walled adobe buildings, strings of red chiles, and museums that tell the story of this centuries-old village. On the town’s plaza, you’ll find the San Albino Church, which dates back to 1851 and is one of the oldest churches in the valley. Travelers can also grab dinner at Double Eagle, which is set in a home that was constructed in 1849. If you are looking for a souvenir from your time in Mesilla, there are plenty of artisan shops to check out. GaleriAzul is right on the plaza, containing a rotating collection of gifts and folk art.

A State With Living History

While every state has its share of historic landmarks, few have preserved them as well as New Mexico. Here, you can explore heritage sites still inhabited by Native communities, missions dating back to the 1600s, and restaurants housed in 19th-century buildings. Many businesses have been in the community for generations as well, such as Ortega’s Weaving Shop, allowing you to support these longstanding cultural traditions. There is no time like the present to explore these towns from the past!